0308057012《材料分子结构分析》


课程编号 0308057012 课程中文名称 材料分子结构分析 学时 40 课程性质 □学位课
□非学位课
□√其他 课程英文名称 Molecular Structure Analysis of Materials 学分 开课时间 □√春
□秋 适用学科(类别) 材料科学、化学 适用学生 □√硕士
□√博士 先修课程 材料分析基础、材料物理化学 开课单位 材料与能源学院 大纲撰写人 刘 钰 大纲审稿人 制(修)定时间 2019/06

教学内容与要求
（一）理论教学内容与要求
总学时：30 学时
第一章：绪论 (2学时)
1.本章教学内容：
1.1 材料结构与性质的关系
1.2 材料表征的基本方法
2.本章教学要求：
通过本章课程的学习，要求学生初步了解材料结构和性能的关系，了解并识记材料表征的基本方法。领会材料的结构决定材料性能。
3.本章教学重点：
材料表征基本方法归类
4.本章教学难点：
理解材料结构与性能的关系乃设计制备新材料的基础
5.本章作业：
1.列举可用于材料分子结构分析的方法。
2.列举可用于材料表面分析的方法
第二章：波谱法 （16学时）
1.本章教学内容：
2.1 波谱法概述（2学时）
2.1.1 波谱法的产生
2.1.2 电磁波与波谱
2.1.3 分子不饱和度计算
2.1.4 波谱法的应用
2.2紫外-可见光谱 (2学时)
2.2.1 紫外-可见光谱概述
2.2.2 紫外-可见光谱的特征
2.2.4 紫外-可见光谱的原理
2.2.5 紫外-可见光谱术语
2.2.6 各类化合物的紫外-可见光谱
2.2.7 影响紫外-可见光谱的因素
2.2.8 紫外-可见光谱的应用
2.3 红外光谱 (2学时)
2.3.1 红外吸收光谱概述
2.3.2 红外光谱基本原理
2.3.3 影响红外吸收峰的因素
2.3.4 典型红外谱带吸收范围
2.3.5 各类化合物的特征红外吸收
2.3.6红外光谱的应用
2.4 拉曼光谱(2学时)
2.4.1 拉曼光谱的基本原理
2.4.2 拉曼光谱的测试方法
2.4.3 拉曼光谱的应用
2.5 荧光光谱(2学时)
2.5.1 荧光光谱的基本原理
2.5.2 荧光光谱的种类
2.5.3荧光光谱的应用
2.6 核磁共振谱 (4学时)
2.6.1 核磁共振谱的基本原理
2.6.2 核磁共振铺的测试方法与测试技巧
2.6.3核磁共振谱的应用
2.本章教学要求：
通过本章课程的学习，要求学生理解各波谱检测方法的基本原理，领会影响各谱带吸收峰位置和强度的因素，掌握各波谱的基本技术，掌握解析谱图的基本步骤，能基本确定谱带的归属， 实现对未知材料的基本表征。
3.本章教学重点：
（1）紫外光谱中生色基、助色基、红移、紫移、增色效应、减色效应等概念及含义；紫外光谱中含共轭体系和芳香族化合物的紫外光谱吸收规律
（2）影响红外吸收谱带位置和强度的因素；红外光谱分子结构与吸收带之间的关系；红外光谱的解析与应用；
（3）拉曼光谱与红外光谱的区别；影响拉曼光谱谱带的因素；拉曼光谱解析；
（4）荧光光谱种类、解谱及应用；
（5）核磁共振谱中影响化学位移的因素；谱图解析步骤和方法；
4.本章教学难点：
（1）含共轭体系和芳香族化合物的紫外光谱吸收规律；
（2）各种官能团的特征吸收；红外光谱在结构分析中的应用；
（3）影响拉曼光谱谱带的因素；
（4）影响荧光光谱谱带的因素；
（5）核磁共振谱中自旋偶合及自旋裂分
5. 本章作业：完成每节课件后作业
第三章：色谱分析法 (8学时)
1.本章教学内容：
3.1 色谱法概述 (2学时)
3.1.1 色谱法的分类
3.1.2 色谱法的基本原理
3.2 薄层色谱和柱色谱 (2学时)
3.2.1 薄层色谱和柱色谱的原理
3.2.2 薄层色谱和柱色谱的测试方法
3.3 气相色谱和高效液相色谱法 (2学时)
3.3.1气相色谱和高效液相色谱的基本原理
3.3.2气相色谱与高效液相色谱的测试
3.3.3气相色谱和高效液相色法的谱应用
3.4 凝胶渗透色谱 （2学分）
3.4.1 凝胶渗透色谱的原理
3.4.2凝胶渗透色谱的解析
2.本章教学要求：
通过本章课程的学习，要求学生理解色谱法的基本原理，掌握各种色谱法的基本技术，掌握用色谱法对材料进行定性和定量分析。
3.本章教学重点：
（1）色谱分离的基本术语、基本理论
（2）薄层法和柱色谱的基本技术
（3）气相色谱定性分析方法和气相色谱定量分析方法
（4）各类液相色谱法的分离原理，固定相与流动相的选择
（5）液相色谱定性分析方法和定量分析方法
4.本章教学难点：
（1）色谱分离原理；
（2）各种色谱的区别；
（3）固定相与流动相的选择
5. 本章作业：
总结四大色谱的异同及明确色谱中的术语
第四章：热分析 (4学时)
1.本章的教学内容
4.1 热分析概述 （1学时）
4.2 热重法 (1学时)
4.2.1 热重法的基本原理和设备
4.2.2 影响热重法测试的因素
4.2.3 热重法的应用
4.3 差热分析法 (1学时)
4.3.1 差热分析的基本原理和设备
4.3.2 影响差热分析测试的因素
4.3.3差热分析的应用
4.4 差示扫描量热法 (1学时)
4.4.1 差示扫描量热法的基本原理和设备
4.4.2 影响差示扫描量热法测试的因素
4.4.3差示扫描量热法的应用
4.5 动态热分析法 （1学时）
4.5.1动态热分析法的基本原理和设备
4.5.2 影响动态热分析法测试的因素
4.5.3 动态热分析法的应用
2.本章教学要求：
通过本章课程的学习，要求学生理解热分析法的基本原理，掌握各种热分析法的基本技术，掌握热分析谱图的解析步骤和解析方法。
3. 本章教学重点
各种热分析法的基本概念、测试原理、测试步骤及技巧
4. 本章教学难点
热重法、差热分析法、差示扫描量热法及动态热分析法的应用及谱图解析
5. 本章作业：
总结各热分析方法的原理和特点。
（二）实践性教学环节和要求
1. 波谱法的测试 （4学时）
以波谱法测试为实践主题，实地观摩紫外-可见光光谱、分子荧光光谱、红外光谱的样品制备和测试，并对获得的实时图谱进行分析，掌握波谱技术的测试方法及各谱图的分析技能，理解对测试结构的影响因素和控制手段与技巧。
2.色谱法 （4学时）
以色谱法测试为实践主题，实地观摩薄层色谱、柱色谱、凝胶渗透色谱和电泳法的测试，并对获得的实时结果进行分析，掌握色谱技术的测试技巧。
3. 热分析 （2学时）
以热分析为实践主题，实地观摩热重分析和差示扫描量热分析测试，并对实时获得的图谱进行分析，掌握热分析的测试方法及图谱分析技巧。

0308057012 Molecular Structure Analysis of Materials

Course Content and Requirements

(1) Contents and requirements of theoretical teaching (Total: 30 Class Hours)

Chapter I: Introduction (2 Class Hours)

1. The teaching contents

1.1 Relationship between Structure and Properties of Materials

1.2 Basic methods of material characterization

2. Teaching requirements

Through the study of this chapter, students are required to understand the relationship between material structure and properties, and the basic methods of material characterization.

3. The teaching emphasis

Classification of basic methods of material characterization

4. Difficulties in teaching

Understanding the relationship between material structure and properties is the basis of designing and manufacturing new materials.

5. Homework

a. List the methods that can be used to analyze the molecular structure of materials

b. List the methods that can be used for material surface analysis.

Chapter II: Spectral analysis (16 Class Hours)

1. The teaching contents

2.1 Introduction of Spectral Analysis (2 Class Hours)

2.1.1 Generation of Spectral Analysis

2.1.2 Electromagnetic Wave and Spectrum

2.1.3 Calculation of Unsaturation Degree

2.1.4 Application

2.2 UV-Vis Spectrum (2 Class Hours)

2.2.1 Introduction of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectra

2.2.2 Characteristics of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectra

2.2.4 Principle of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrum

2.2.5 Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrum Terminology

2.2.6 Ultraviolet-Visible Spectra of Compounds

2.2.7 Factors Affecting Ultraviolet-Visible Spectra

2.2.8 Application of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrum

2.3 Infrared Spectrum (2 Class Hours)

2.3.1 Introduction of Infrared Absorption Spectrum

2.3.2 Basic Principles of Infrared Spectrum

2.3.3 Factors Affecting Infrared Absorption Peak

2.3.4 Typical Infrared Absorption Range

2.3.5 Characteristic Infrared Absorption of Various Compounds

2.3.6 Application of Infrared Spectrum

2.4 Raman spectrum (2 Class Hours)

2.4.1 Basic Principles of Raman Spectrum

2.4.2 Test Method of Raman Spectrum

2.4.3 Application of Raman Spectrum

2.5 Fluorescence Spectrum (2 Class Hours)

2.5.1 Basic Principles of Fluorescence Spectrum

2.5.2 Types of Fluorescence Spectra

2.5.3 Application of Fluorescence Spectrum

2.6 NMR (4 Class Hours)

2.6.1 Basic Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum

2.6.2 NMR measurement

2.6.3 Application of NMR Spectrum

2. Teaching requirements

Through the study of this chapter, students are required to understand the basic principles of spectral measurement, the factors affecting the position and intensity of absorption peaks, master the basic techniques of each spectrum.

3. The teaching emphasis

(1) The concepts of chromophore, auxochrome, redshift, blue-shift, hyperchromic effect and hypochromic effect in ultraviolet spectra, and the principle of ultraviolet absorption for conjugated systems and aromatic compounds

(2) The factors affecting the location and intensity of infrared absorption bands. The relationship between molecular structure and absorption bands

(3) The difference between Raman spectrum and infrared spectrum, the factors affecting Raman spectrum and the analysis of Raman spectrum

(4) Types, resolution and applications of fluorescence spectrum

(5) The factors affecting chemical shifts in NMR spectra

4. Difficulties in teaching

(1) Ultraviolet absorption of aromatic compounds and conjugated systems;

(2) Characteristic absorption of various functional groups, and application of infrared spectroscopy in structural analysis;

(3) The factors affecting the Raman spectrum

(4) The factors affecting the fluorescence spectrum

(5) Spin coupling and spin splitting in NMR spectra

5. Homework

Exercises of each course

Chapter III: Chromatographic analysis (8 Class Hours)

1. The teaching contents

3.1 Introduction of Chromatography (2 Class Hours)

3.1.1 Classification of Chromatography

3.1.2 Basic Principles of Chromatography

3.2 TLC and Column Chromatography (2 Class Hours)

3.2.1 Principles of TLC and Column Chromatography

3.2.2 Application of TLC and Column Chromatography

3.3 Gas Chromatography and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (2 Class Hours)

3.3.1 Basic Principles of Gas Chromatography and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

3.3.2 Gas Chromatography and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

3.3.3 Spectral Application of Gas Chromatography and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

3.4 Gel Permeation Chromatography (2 Class Hours)

3.4.1 Principles of gel permeation chromatography

3.4.2 Analysis of gel permeation chromatography

2. Teaching requirements

Through the study of this chapter, students are required to understand the basic principles of chromatographic methods, master the basic techniques of various chromatographic methods, and master the qualitative and quantitative analysis of materials by chromatographic methods.

3. The teaching emphasis

(1) Basic Terminology and Theory of Chromatographic Separation

(2) Basic Techniques of TLC and Column Chromatography

(3) Qualitative and quantitative analysis of gas chromatography

(4) Separation principle of various liquid chromatography and selection of stationary phase and mobile phase

(5) Qualitative and quantitative analysis methods of liquid chromatography

4. Difficulties in teaching

(1) The principle of chromatographic separation;

(2) The difference of various chromatograms;

(3) Selection of stationary phase and mobile phase

5. Homework

Summarize the properties of the four major chromatograms.

Chapter IV: Thermal Analysis (4 Class Hours)

1. Teaching content of this chapter

4.1 Introduction of Thermal Analysis (1 Class Hour)

4.2 Thermogravimetry (1 Class Hour)

4.2.1 Basic Principles and Equipment

4.2.2 Influence Factors

4.2.3 Application

4.3 Differential Thermal Analysis (1 Class Hour)

4.3.1 Basic Principles and Equipment

4.3.2 Influence Factors

4.3.3 Application

4.4 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (1 Class Hour)

4.4.1 Basic Principle and Equipment

4.4.2 Influence Factors

4.4.3 Application

4.5 Dynamic Thermal Analysis (1 Class Hour)

4.5.1 Basic Principle and Equipment

4.5.2 Influence Factors

4.5.3 Application

2. Teaching requirements

Through the study of this chapter, students are required to understand the basic principles of thermal analysis, master the basic techniques of various thermal analysis methods.

3. Teaching emphasis

Basic concepts, principles, and measurement techniques of various thermal analysis methods

4. Difficulties in teaching

Application and Spectrum Analysis of Thermogravimetry, Differential Thermal Analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Dynamic Thermal Analysis

5. Homework

Summarize the principles and characteristics of each thermal analysis method.

(2) Practical teaching requirements (Total: 10 Class Hours)

1. Practice of Spectroscopy (4 hours)

Taking spectroscopic testing as the practical subject, sample preparation and testing will be performed and observed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, molecular fluorescence spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy, and the obtained spectrums will be analyzed to grasp the testing methods of spectroscopic technology and the analytical skills of spectrums, and understand the influences on the testing results.

2. Practice of Chromatography (4 hours)

Taking chromatographic testing as the practical subject, TLC, column chromatography, gel permeation chromatography and electrophoretic method will be carried out and observed, and the obtained results will be analyzed to grasp the testing skills of chromatographic technology.

3. Practice of Thermal analysis (2 hours)

With thermal analysis as the practical theme, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry will be performed and observed, and the obtained results will be analyzed to master the thermal analysis methods and skills.